Karate API Testing Sample Project
In today’s digital world, web applications are the backbone of almost every business, and APIs serve as one of the most essential components to enable smooth communication between various software systems. And to ensure the accuracy and reliability of these APIs, thorough testing is crucial.
API testing is one of the most critical aspects of the software testing process. It involves testing APIs by sending specific requests and scrutinizing the responses received, usually in JSON or XML format.
To make the process of API testing swift and efficient, there are various tools available in the market, and Karate API testing tool is one of the most popular and widely used tools. In this blog post, we will delve deeper into the Karate API testing tool and build a sample project using it.
What is the Karate API testing tool?
Karate is an open-source API testing tool developed by Peter Thomas, primarily used for testing web services by following the BDD (Behavior-Driven Development) approach. Karate supports the development of tests in a simple and concise language, which enables both technical and non-technical individuals to write tests with ease. Furthermore, Karate integrates seamlessly with CI (Continuous Integration) build pipelines, making it an ideal choice for testing microservices-based web applications.
Installing the Karate API testing tool
To install Karate API testing tool, follow the below steps:
1. Install Java Runtime Environment (JRE) version 1.8 or higher on your machine.
2. Download Karate’s binary distribution from the official website or Git repository.
3. Extract the downloaded ZIP archive to the desired location.
4. Navigate to the extracted folder and open a terminal or command prompt.
5. Set the PATH environment variable to the „bin“ directory of the extracted Karate archive, as shown below:
„`export PATH=
6. Verify the installation by running the below command:
„`karate -version„`
Building a sample project with Karate API testing tool
To demonstrate the capability of the Karate API testing tool, we will build a sample project for testing a REST API. Below are the steps involved in building a Karate project:
1. Open any IDE of your choice and create a new maven project.
2. Add Karate dependencies in the project’s pom.xml file, as shown below:
„`xml
„`
3. Create a directory structure as shown below:
„`
src/test/java
├── karatetests
│ └── SampleAPITest.java
└── resources
└── karate-config.js
└── featurefiles
└── SampleAPI.feature
„`
4. Create a feature file – „SampleAPI.feature,“ and add the below code to it:
„`
Feature: Sample API Feature
Background:
* url ‚https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com‘
Scenario: Verify sample API response
Given path ‚/posts/1‘
When method get
Then status 200
And match $.id == 1
And match $.userId == 1
And match $.title == ’sunt aut facere repellat provident occaecati excepturi optio reprehenderit‘
„`
5. Create a Java file – „SampleAPITest.java,“ and add the below code to it:
„`java
package karatetests;
import com.intuit.karate.junit4.Karate;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
@RunWith(Karate.class)
public class SampleAPITest {
}
„`
6. Run the test by navigating to the project root directory and executing the below command:
„`mvn clean test„`
If everything goes well, the Karate test runner will execute the „SampleAPI.feature“ file and generate a report on the test execution.
Frequently Asked Questions about Karate API Testing Sample Project
If you’re searching for an efficient way to test your API, Karate API testing sample project might be your best option. It’s a powerful open-source framework that can help you to write and execute automated tests for your API. However, if you’re new to Karate, you might have some questions about how to use it, and what features it offers. In this blog post, we answer some frequently asked questions about Karate API testing sample project.
1. What is Karate API testing framework?
Karate API testing is an open-source framework that uses gherkin syntax for writing BDD (Behavior-Driven Development) tests for RESTful APIs. It’s built on top of Cucumber-JVM, and it aims to make API testing more accessible and easier for both developers and QA engineers.
2. Why should I use Karate API testing?
Karate API testing sample project makes it easy to test RESTful APIs, even if you’re not an experienced developer. It has an intuitive syntax that uses natural language, making it highly readable and easy to understand. Karate also has built-in support for JSON and XML, making it easy to test complex APIs. Additionally, Karate supports parallel execution, which can significantly reduce the time it takes to execute tests.
3. How do I install Karate API testing sample project?
Karate is easy to install and set up. You can install the framework by downloading the latest jar file from the Karate GitHub page, or by using a build tool like Gradle or Maven. Once you have the jar file, you can start writing tests in a text editor or an IDE like IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse.
4. How do I write a Karate API test?
Writing a Karate API test is easy. Tests are written using the Gherkin syntax, and you can write them in a text editor or an IDE. Here is an example of a simple Karate API test:
„`
Feature: Testing Simple REST endpoints
Scenario: Verify GET /health API
Given url ‚http://localhost:8080/health‘
When method GET
Then status 200
And match response == ‚UP‘
„`
This test checks the health of a simple REST API endpoint. The test sends a GET request to the API and verifies that the response status is 200, and that the response body contains the string ‚UP‘.
5. How do I run a Karate API test?
You can run Karate API tests from the command line, using Gradle or Maven, or from an IDE like IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse. To run a test from the command line, you just need to use the following command:
„`
java -jar karate.jar mytest.feature`
„`
Where `mytest.feature` is the name of your Karate test file.
6. How do I debug a Karate API test?
Karate comes with built-in support for debugging tests. You can use the `karate.debug` property to run a test in debug mode. Here’s an example:
„`
java -jar -Dkarate.debug=true karate.jar mytest.feature`
„`
This will start the Karate debugger, and you can set breakpoints in your test code to step through your test and see what’s happening at each step.
7. Can Karate API testing sample project be integrated with other tools?
Yes, Karate can be integrated with other tools like Jenkins, Docker, and Cucumber reports. You can use Jenkins to run your Karate tests automatically on every build, and Docker to run your tests in a containerized environment. Additionally, Karate generates Cucumber-style reports, which can be easily integrated into other test reporting tools.
8. Is Karate API testing sample project suitable for all types of APIs?
Karate API testing sample project is well suited for testing RESTful APIs that use JSON or XML payloads. However, it may not be as effective for APIs that use other data formats or protocols, like SOAP or GraphQL.
9. How does Karate API testing sample project compare to other API testing frameworks?
Karate API testing sample project is relatively new compared to other API testing frameworks, but it has become increasingly popular due to its simplicity and ease of use. It’s similar to other BDD frameworks like Cucumber-JVM and JBehave, but its syntax is more natural and easier to read. Additionally, Karate has built-in support for JSON and XML, which makes it easier to test RESTful APIs.
Karate API Testing Sample Project: A Comprehensive Guide
Karate is an open-source testing framework that allows developers to create tests for web services, HTTP, and more. It is built on top of Cucumber, which is a popular behavior-driven development framework. In this guide, we will walk you through setting up a sample project for testing a mock REST API using Karate.
Prerequisites
Before setting up the sample project, ensure that you have the following prerequisites:
– Java 8 or higher
– Apache Maven 3 or higher
– A suitable Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Step 1: Create a Maven Project
The first step is to create a Maven project in your IDE. If you are using Eclipse or IntelliJ, follow the below steps.
– Open your IDE and click on ‘File > New > Other > Maven Project’
– Select ‘Create a simple project’ from the options and click on ‘Next.’
– Enter Group Id and Artifact Id, then click on ‘Finish.’
Step 2: Add Karate Framework to Your Project
Once you have created the Maven project, you need to add the Karate dependency to your project. You can do this by including the following dependency in your project’s pom.xml file:
„`
„`
After adding the Karate dependency, save the pom.xml file.
Step 3: Create a Feature File
In Karate, test cases are written in feature files, which is written in the Gherkin syntax. Create a new directory called ‘features’ under the ‘src/test/resources’ folder, and then create a new feature file under the ‘features’ directory with the filename ‘sample_api.feature’.
Add the following code to the ‘sample_api.feature’ file:
„`
Feature: Testing Sample API with Karate
Background:
* url ‚https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com‘
Scenario: Get Sample API Pets
Given path ‚pets‘
When method get
Then status 200
And match response contains {name: ‚Fluffy‘}
„`
This feature file contains a single scenario that tests the GET request for the ‚/pets‘ endpoint of the ‚https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com‘ website.
Step 4: Run the Test
In order to run the test, open a command prompt or terminal and navigate to your project’s root directory. Type the following command:
„`
mvn test
„`
This command will run all the tests in the project, including our sample API test. You should see the following output in your console:
„`
——————————————————-
T E S T S
——————————————————-
Running TestSuite
22:23:32.054 [main] INFO com.intuit.karate.Runner – Karate version: 1.1.0
22:23:32.313 [main] INFO com.intuit.karate.Runner – karate.env system property was: null
22:23:32.394 [main] INFO com.intuit.karate.Runner – karate.env system property value: sample
22:23:32.397 [main] DEBUG com.intuit.karate.Runner – jvm time zone: Asia/Kolkata
22:23:32.479 [main] DEBUG com.intuit.karate.Runner – timezone set to timeZone: Asia/Kolkata
22:23:32.480 [main] DEBUG com.intuit.karate.Runner – timezone set to timeZone: Asia/Kolkata
22:23:32.659 [main] DEBUG com.intuit.karate.Runner – Karate classpath: [karate-config.js, karate-config.js]
22:23:32.660 [main] TRACE com.intuit.karate.Runner – Karate classpath (fat jar): []
22:23:33.030 [main] INFO c.i.karate.cucumber.CucumberRunner –
——————————————————-
Running scenarios to generate ‚json‘ report…
——————————————————-
22:23:33.262 [main] INFO com.intuit.karate.Runner – <
22:23:33.294 [main] INFO com.intuit.karate.Runner – scenario runtime: 0.36s
——————————————————-
Processing scenarios (1)
——————————————————-
| TestCases | Failures | Ignored |
|————————-|———-|———|
| sample_api.feature | 0 | 0 |
——————————————————-
22:23:33.303 [main] DEBUG com.intuit.karate.Runner – FileUtils dir after delete: target\cucumber-html-reports
22:23:33.307 [main] INFO c.i.karate.cucumber.CucumberRunner – <
22:23:33.308 [main] INFO com.intuit.karate.Runner – <
22:23:33.310 [main] INFO com.intuit.karate.Runner – ========================================================
karate.env = sample
karate.version = 1.1.0
karate.buildTimestamp = null
========================================================
1 Scenarios (1 passed)
3 Steps (3 passed)
0m0.613s
„`
This output indicates that the test has passed, and all three steps have been executed successfully.
Conclusion
In this tutorial, we have covered the steps to create a basic sample Karate project for testing a REST API. Karate’s simplicity and power make it an excellent option for automated testing, and we hope that this guide has provided you with a good foundation to start building your own Karate projects.
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